pennies cleaning science experiment conclusion

It turns out that when you mix vinegar and salt, a chemical reaction takes place and form what is called hydrochloric acid. Line these cups up in a row. ', ' link: To remove this tarnish, an acid needs to be used to weaken the bonds between the copper and oxygen atoms. Lesson Cover: 1 colour page They look brown or black, and sometimes theyre so dirty looking that you cant even tell whether theyre pennies! Which penny is the cleanest, compared to its before picture? But if you really want to dig in you can guide your children through the scientific method while doing this. Pour cup of baking soda into one of your plastic cups. Wait for about 5-10 minutes. *Note: This activity works best if you use 10 pennies that are equally dirty. 'Fire Water Balloon, ' link: You explained the science behind it perfectly. You don't have to do the 2nd one, but it's also a good scientific experiment and you'll even find out why the Statue of Liberty is the color that it is. The reason why ketchup is such a good coin cleaner is because it is made from tomatoes, and tomatoes are an acidic vegetable (yes, tomatoes are a vegetable). This is easy for the water and other thin liquids, but for ketchup or mustard, you need to flip the penny around to be sure it is coated. In this case, talk with the young scientist about which solutions he or she thinks will best clean the pennies. Its a great way to get their young minds critically thinking, and also challenges them to solve problems using logic. The acid in ketchup is acetic acid, commonly known as vinegar. All you need are pennies, water, dish soap, salt, and vinegar. Make this your own and let your kids explore. Science - Lesson 3 of 50 - Grades 4,5,6 You see, copper coins are usually shiny and well, copper-colored. Pour a small amount of each solution you chose into a cup. It does this by using the low levels of acids that are contained naturally in vinegar and lemon juice to remove the patina (brown oxidation) on the penny. Answers to, Questions: 1 colour page Repeat the process until the penny reaches the desired shininess. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Update Includes Google Slides version for distance learning, Rated 4.77 out of 5, based on 172 reviews, " is a product that provides a fun and educational activity for children and adults alike. Once all of the pennies have been rinsed, use your fingers to gently scrub the pennies one at a time with your baking soda paste (keep your gloves on for this part!). Update Includes Google Slides version for distance learning science experime Subjects: After all the pennies have soaked for about five minutes, it is time to pull them out. Begin the experiment by placing a few pennies on a small plate. This post contains affiliate links. For my class, I just had to explain the process, give them a definition of a hypothesis (letting them know it's okay to be wrong! It appears, the salt breaks down somewhat, freeing chlorine ions into the solution. Go back to the table you drew. Wipe the coins dry with their paper towels and compare them. Pennies rust overtime. Your email address will not be published. A chemical reaction between the vinegar and the salt removes copper oxide. What happens? You might be surprised at how well the ketchup cleaned the penny. In each case, make sure the penny is completely covered by the contents of the cup. 5. So if you want to try this simple science experiment out at home, here is what you need to do: The first step you will have to do is to make your hypothesis. How did this happen? Why or why not? Sometimes, all you need is some glue, some baking soda or a few old pennies. Vinegar and lemon juice are both acids. Citrus JuiceTry a variety of citrus juices to see which works best or simply let your pennies soak in lemon juice. Salt is also a key ingredient in the other cleaning agents, thus making them effective in cleaning the pennies. And hydrochloric acid is so much more acidic than vinegar alone. Im not talking about the literal dirt that ends up collecting on them Im talking about the residue that is still present even if you rinse your pennies off with water. Kindergarten Math Practice with the Zap Zap Math App, Falling Unexpectedly in Love With Homeschooling My Gifted Child, Disclosure Policy & Copyright Information. Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. While still scrubbing with the toothbrush, rinse the penny with room temperature water. Reviewed & Fact Checked byRebecca Carlock. Science - Lesson 5 of 50 - Grades 4,5,6 And what is vinegar? A variety of products can be used to keep your pennies looking shiny and new. Next, pour one liquid into each cup. From Dull to Dazzling: Using Pennies to Test How pH Affects Copper Corrosion, Rustin Out: How Acids Affect the Rate of Corrosion, ! Be sure the penny is coated in whatever solution is in that cup. Here is the science of cleaning pennies with ketchup. Repeat step 4 two more times. Thats great to know Aayeshi. Kids will get all the supplies they need to complete the activities in addition to a cool lab book .Subscribe here. This is because when the hydrochloric solution cleaned the coin and air dried it, it also took with it some of the salt. If you dont have a camera, look closely at the color of each penny. Luckily, there are a number of ways to clean pennies and make them look bright and shiny again, using chemistry! Stir until the salt dissolves. Ketchup Soak your pennies in ketchup to clean them like new. This is because copper reacts to oxygen in the air and it turns into a compound called copper oxide. #sciencegoals (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhAgQEr1LOE), Top 20 Musical Toys for Babies Under 6 Months, Best Guide On How To Encourage Motor Development In Babies, Science Fair Ideas for Kids: Manipulating Gases with Balloons, Science Fair For Kids: The Battle of the Senses (Taste vs. In this case, you may have noticed that the Ketchup and Tabasco pennies were not quiet as well-cleaned as the pennies that were in the vinegar and lemon juice. Place the pennies in the bowl, and allow them to sit for several minutes. I use this specifically to teach them the. In this activity were going to explore why pennies dont stay bright and shiny, and test different methods to bring the shine back! Reproduction of material from this website without written permission is strictly prohibited. This is why bright shiny pennies dull with age. Wait about 5 minutes, then remove the pennies from the solution. Well, its time to look at what is in our catsup! They each include Question, Hypothesis, #1-How many drops of water can you fit on a, #2-Which liquid can you fit the most drops of on, to hook those kiddos and get them writing up a lab report! A teacher's notes page explains how to use, 50-IN-1 BUNDLE (Set 1 of 1) - Grades 4,5,6, What is in this '50-IN-1 BUNDLE'? Which penny is the cleanest, compared to the control? After quite some time, or after exposure to an acid, pennies will formcopper sulfate, carbonate, and chloride salts, which gives pennies a green color. Plus, theyll learn some cool facts about metals, the pH scale, and the Statue of Liberty. Test whether these cleaning solutions work on other types of coins. To begin, the experimenter and supervising adult should plan out which solutions they have access to and can use to test their penny-cleaning capabilities. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Did you get to the same conclusion that the ketchup and the vinegar + salt mixture cleaned the coins the most? So we proceeded to read the other ingredients and guess what we found? You dont need any fancy gadgets or science kits. Place the penny (tails side up) on a flat surface. Which method works best is determined by the amount of acid present, and the presence of salt. Great for President's Day! Since most pennies made after 1982 are made out of zinc with a thin copper coating, you used real copper pennies to get the true effect. Use your paper towels to gently dry off each penny, then place it in the corresponding square of your table. Have your kids write down their findings on their piece of paper ready to summarize their findings and talk through the explanation. . The following titles name the 20, /activities.Shake It! Plus, there is another great reason to try this science experiment out youll be spending some quality time with your kids. And because this mixture is way up high in the acidic scale, it cleaned the coin so much better and quicker than just vinegar. Make each cell (square) of the table large enough to place your penny in it after your testing is complete. i need to know!!! I believe learning should be enjoyable and engaging. So what just happened here? 1/2 cup vinegar. Teachers- the materials are readily available! I'm giving you a shout out on the post. The answer is pretty simple before 1982, pennies were made almost entirely from copper, and modern pennies are made of copper-plated zinc. Make a paste from your baking soda and water. As it is easy to see, the ingredient that had the greatest impact was vinegar with salt, and the one who had the lower impact was water. For example, ask them if they know you can clean pennies, why you should clean pennies, and what would be the best thing to use to clean pennies? Once you have completed the process dont be afraid to go back and work through it again. Finally, wipe the coins dry with a tea towel or kitchen paper. You should have observed that each cleaning method made the pennies cleaner, but some methods may have been more successful than others. Once all the pennies are in the correct cup, use the remaining time to observe the pennies, and the contents of the cup. Use your paper and pencil to create a table like the one below. Also, Copper oxide easily dissolves in acid. You can watch them change for the first few seconds. The step-by-step instructions included in this digital product are easy to follow and are accompanied by colorful illustrations that make the . You dont have to stop after doing this once. In this lesson, the students will predict why some. The child might decide to pick a winning solution or even to rank the pennies in order of which is the most improved. Vinegar and SaltMake a solution of vinegar and salt and let the pennies soak. It is a great sensory STEM activity for preschoolers and older children. 'Elephant's Toothpaste, ' link: If you are looking for an easy way to engage your kids with science, then why dont you try out the classic cleaning coins experiment? In this activity, were going to test a few different methods for cleaning pennies, and determine which gets our pennies the cleanest. Phosphoric acid breaks down the copper oxygen compound and causes a new layer of the copper to be exposed. Make three signs that say "Tomato Paste + Vinegar," "Salt + Vinegar," and "Tomato Paste + Salt.". Start a 1 minute timer. Try leaving the pennies in the solutions for different lengths of time. First, prepare all your cups and line them up on a counter. Put 1 tablespoon of Vinegar and 1 teaspoon of salt into each Vinegar cup. Penny Lab webapi.bu.edu 2022-10-29 . How to Quickly Clean Velcro & Make It Sticky Again, Say so long to fuzzy, fluffy, linty velcro and hello to a satisfying clean velcro strip, Easy Ways to Clean Your Garage Floors & Remove Grime. Science - Lesson 4 of 50 - Grades 4,5,6 The salt and acetic acid in vinegar do the trick. After cups are put away, remove goggles. You can read more on the science behind how to clean pennies here: Clean your pennies with ketchup! For a complete clean, flip the pennies over and repeat the process on the other side. Dry the pennies with a paper towel. Always happy to help! Whats in the Bag?Making MusicMouse Paint (, gel frosting)Rain PaintSecret MessagesDucks Like RainFloat or Sink PumpkinsDo Seeds Travel?VolcanoesThe Windy DayDo Whales Get Cold?Candle RacesWh, Rated 4.92 out of 5, based on 838 reviews, . Keep trying, keep asking why, and keep learning. Fill the eyedropper with water from the water beaker and carefully count the number of drops that fit on the penny until the water spills over the edge. Once they are clean place them on the towels you laid out in front of the cups. Later when you have your results, you will be able to look back on what they have written down and compare their results to their initial answers. What do your results tell you about the special properties of copper pennies? Compare the 1 minute and 5 minute pennies in each row. 'Fun, ' link: Why do pennies get dark and dingy? Find out! If using bowls or Tupperware, write your label on clear plastic tape and gently attach it. First, put the coins back into the same mixture as the one you used in the first experiment. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. They can also consider which might clean the pennies fastest. If you want things to be fun and messy, you can always have your kids use their hands as long as you are happy to deal with the consequences of ketchup-coated fingers! Using the tape and marker, label each dish or cup with the name of the solution that will go into it. The salt in the ketchup adds dissolved chloride ions that bond with the copper to form copper chloride, which allows the acid to break up even more copper oxide. For this experiment, you will need dirty pennies, paper towels, 1/4 cup of white vinegar, a tsp. Examples: Vinegar, Coke, Mustard, Mayo, Juice, Milk, Lemon Juice, etc. These boxes are presented in partnership with Popular Mechanics so you know you'll be getting some great stuff each month. Lesson and Program Overview: 2 colour pages The next day, pour the soda out of the glass, careful to leave the pennies. So there you go, thats how it cleaned the coins too. The step-by-step instructions included in this digital product are easy to follow and are accompanied by colorful illustrations that make the process even more engaging. Record your results; photographs are helpful. are shinier than others, learn the meaning of a hypothesis by watching a video (link to website), make a hypothesis, graph their hypothesis, are dull and how they become shiny. And also, dont forget to Subscribe to our channel for more fun kids activities. How to Create an Escape Room for Teaching, 50 Homeschool Science Experiments (that cost next to nothing) | Free Homeschool Deals . 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. So we did a little experiment to see what would actually happen. Just put the coins on the tea towel and leave it to air dry. Compare all of the pennies to the control pennies. Do not add anything to the cup. In the third cup, put 1/2 cup vinegar and 2 teaspoons of salt. Required fields are marked *. Step 3: Dump all the pennies into the liquid. Book a Science PartyHave the Science Guy visit your school! I love coming up with simple and fun learning and STEM activities for kids. Science isnt a one and done thing. Thanks a lot Meriley. Vinegar (or Lemon Juice) and Salt This method is the best way to clean your pennies, and it will produce a very bright orangey-copper color on your pennies. And it even had added acetic acid! Copyright 2023 Team Cartwright | Wisteria on Trellis Framework by Mediavine, Having Twins is No Excuse! Take the pennies out one at a time and, keeping track of which penny is which, rinse each one off. 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This is a great activity for using just exploring and giving open-ended questioning. When the penny is clean, remove it, rinse it with fresh water, and set it aside to dry. Thanks for the rare idea to wash penny. After that you won't see anything happen. Materials: -pennies, fabuloso, ketchup, coke, lemon juice, paper . I'm a teacher, currently doing distance learning with my students during the school closure and I'm going to use your activity for our Weekly STEM Challenge! Learn how your comment data is processed. So in our case, we looked at the ingredients. In each case, make sure the penny is completely covered by the contents of the cup. The project above is a DEMONSTRATION. Students will create a booklet or for a quicker project, just print the worksheet. Well keep that in mind. Keep it out of reach with a note to be sure no one drinks the soda. Teacher Notes: Regarding, : 1 colour page Once all your liquids have been poured into their own cup, you can have your kids drop one old coin in each liquid and leave them submerged for 10 mins. I used this experiment for my science class and my teacher was super impressed. Washing the pennies in a vinegar and salt solution removes the patina from the pennies, exposing the brighter copper underneath once more. Lawrence holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts in screenwriting from New York University and a Master of Science in childhood education from Brooklyn College. Begin your control experiment. Let the pennies sit in the soda overnight. Let the pennies dry on pieces of paper towel. Leaving your pennies in the cleaning solution longer gives the reaction more time to continue, and gives you shinier pennies! Children often think the soapy water will work best as it is normally used for cleaning, but children who understand what acids are or who know a little about chemistry may have a better idea about what will work. by Brenda Priddy | Jul 12, 2017 | Homeschool |. You also may have noticed that the longer the pennies stayed in the cleaning solution, the cleaner they became! As you are drying them, you'll notice that rubbing results in some of the dirt coming off the pennies. When you are done with this fun experiment, check outMaking Pennies Green. Gently swirl the cup so that the penny is completely covered with Ketchup. Place a penny in it and cover the penny with ketchup. The "Penny Cleaning Experiment" is a product that provides a fun and educational activity for children and adults alike.This product is designed to teach people how to clean old, tarnished pennies using simple household items such as vinegar and salt. Science: Project Cleaning Pennies Question: What products clean pennies the best? . Here are the scientific method steps and some sample questions to help you work through it. All rights reserved. Through a penny cleaning science project, you can study atoms, chemical changes and observing processes through the scientific method, all of which are science lesson benchmarks for eighth grade. of salt and a bowl, preferably metal. Well, after you wash the ketchup off, that is. TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. This lab activity aims to explore the concept of surface tension by examining the amount of water that can fit on the surface of a, without overflowing.The lab activity comes, , an eyedropper, and water. Hi, my name is Elena Jones, and my full-time job is a teacher. Lesson contains Have additional paper towels available to wipe off any remaining solution from the pennies. Educational Toys And Child Development Research Studies. And the best example of this reaction is the Statue of Liberty. Gently swirl the cup so that the penny is completely covered with Ketchup. All you need for this science experiment are vinegar, salt, a glass jar, and dirty pennies.1. But still fun expiriment!! Experiment with even longer periods of time with each of the cleaning methods. I'm so glad you liked it! Place your 'Control, 1 minutes' penny into the 'Control 1' cup. Students try to figure out how many drops of water can fit on a, , and also test which types of water work best (Tap water, Salt water, Soapy water). The Salt And Vinegar Method. Note: Some of the links on this page are affiliate links. You can dispose of any extra ketchup how you normally would. When the oxygen and the copper on the coins' outsides interact, a substance called copper oxide is formed. Simple, any age students! Begin by pouring the vinegar into the bowl. Which is the least clean? ), 2 tablespoons freshly squeezed Lemon Juice, 2 tablespoons Tabasco Sauce (or other hot sauce), 11 plastic cups (small Tupperware containers or bowls will work as well). Then, you should have more acidic solutions like ketchup and the salt and vinegar mixture. Water. If you took a picture in Step 1, go back and compare each pennys cleanliness before and after being cleaned. Do you notice any changes in the contents of the cups is anything bubbling, or changing color? Why do you think this might be? Her articles appear on the Sixth Wall and other websites. There is a second stage to this experiment that you can also try out while you are talking to your kids about their results from the first stage. This blue-green is called malachite and copper can turn into malachite over many years of exposure to chlorine and oxygen. The word "tarnish" refers to the dull or gray-green coloration found on some older pennies. Privacy. Student Write-Up Template and Question Sheet: 5 colour pages But heres the question that Im sure is brewing in your mind. The negatively charged oxygen atoms in our air are attracted to the positively charged copper atoms in the penny. Which one is the cleanest? of salt and a bowl, preferably metal. Can you think of why time would be important? Copper oxide dissolves in a mixture of weak acid and table salt. Pop another coin in both the ketchup and vinegar and salt mixture. Through teaching, I have discovered that children learn in many different ways, and have seen the positive impact both STEM and Montessori toys have on children. Place a penny on each square of your table, heads side up. Explore this article things needed 1 Preparation 2 Collect pennies of varying color Collect pennies of varying color. The friction does the work. This experiment can be performed with things generally found around the house, so it's a great choice for even a quick rainy day project. The Best Science Kits for 5 Year Olds That Teach STEM in a Fun Way, The Best Science Kits for 4 Year Olds That Teach Basic Science Concepts Really Well, The Best Science Kits for 3 Year Olds (What to Buy and What to Avoid), The Best Gifts For 10 Year Old Girls Who Are Awesome and Ready to Change the World, Best Science Kits For 8-Year-Olds to 10-Year-Olds, Water Pressure Rocket Toy: 4M Water Rocket Kit Review. Tomatoes contain naturally occurring citric acid, another acid that is generally slightly weaker than vinegar or lemon juice. more information Accept. Can you clearly see the date on the penny, or is it too dirty? Record this number on your data table under trial 1. Put 1 tablespoon of Lemon Juice and 1 teaspoon of salt into each Lemon cup. This outlines all of the steps of scientific investigation. Stir until the salt dissolves. After several minutes . Well try and put up the next stage soon. To make it a true experiment, you can try to answer these . Gently wipe off any excess solution with a paper towel. The lab instructions are easy to follow and provide step-by-step guidance on how to conduct the, 5-IN-1 BUNDLE (Set 1 of 10) - Grades 4,5,6, What is in this '5-IN-1 BUNDLE'? In this fun and easy kitchen science experiment for kids, we're going to use a chemical reaction to clean pennies. Drop eight to ten of the dirty pennies into the solution. Medioimages/Photodisc/Photodisc/Getty Images. However, in each case, the cleaning method that worked best for you is the one that has the highest concentration of acid. Next should either be the soda/fruit juice or vinegar (sometimes these switch depending on what type of each you have used) because their pH is usually around 3, so they are mildly acidic. Place a penny in it and cover the penny with ketchup. In the second cup, put water mixed with dish soap. Drop the pennies into the soda. To get your kids involved, ask them a few questions about pennies and cleaning them. Get your copper coins out of the containers where theyve been hiding for many years and get them cleaned. 'Balloon Powered Rocket, - Lesson 2 of 50 - Grades 4,5,6 CokeCoke and off-brand colas will quickly remove the tarnish. For any other use, please contact Science Buddies. What do you see? Citric acid works similarly to the other acids. Were there any cleaning methods where the time didnt matter, so the 1 minute and 5 minute pennies are equally clean? I needed a quick science activity. KetchupSoak your pennies in ketchup to clean them like new. Oranges? Again, make sure the penny is completely covered by Ketchup. Check the ingredient list for your Ketchup and Tabasco sauce some of the labels might list vinegar or citric acid, while others might say tomato puree. Teacher Notes: Photos and Youtube Video: 1 colour page It isn't just dirt, it is the result of the copper in the pennies interacting with oxygen in the atmosphere. Keep the pennies in the cup. No, the scientific method isnt a chore. Thanks for sharing! Extra: Experiment with even longer periods of time with each of the cleaning methods. Start with the cups labeled 1. We would recommend you use any liquids from the following list for the best results: Now, you can get to the fun part carrying out the experiment! Cover the pennies with each of the mixtures, smear them around with your fingers, and give the ingredients at least 2 minutes to react. Add the pennies. Density Experiment With Water Watch The Floating Egg! I have included 4 recording sheets to go along. That is why old coins look, well, old and new coins are bright and shiny. Copper oxide is blackish. In the first cup, put plain water. The oxygen in the air and the copper in the pennies form an oxide that coats the pennies and makes them look dirty. Take the dirty copper pennies (the ones from the bottom of your purse are best) and have your child place one into each cup. So for the 2nd stage of this experiment, you will work on these two materials alone. Some common suggestions include: Plain water Soapy water Lemon juice Vinegar Vinegar with salt Ketchup Hot sauce Coca Cola Baking soda and water Apple, grape, or orange juice Milk Forming a Hypothesis Smell), Science Fair Project For Kids: Demonstrating How Plants Help Stop Soil Erosion, 10 Great Inventors Books To Inspire Young Children, DIY Bath Bomb for Kids Fun Science Experiments For Kids, Best Books To Get Your Kids to Fall in Love With Math Teach Approved, 5 old copper pennies (these coins need to be copper for this experiment to work), 5 strips of paper (for labelling each penny), A pen and paper for jotting down the results, 5 different liquids to use to clean your pennies. If you line up your pennies in order from the dirtiest to the cleanest, the order should go something like this: Water, Soda/Fruit Juice, Vinegar, Ketchup, and Vinegar and salt mixture. The coins that were submerged in those cups should come out nice and shiny, while the rest are still a little dull and dirty. Add the salt, and stir until the salt is completely dissolved. Im going to use this for my science project at school but im going to do it for more then 10 minutes. chemistry, kitchen science experiments, coin experiments. Step 2: Dip one penny halfway into the liquid. Wait about 5 minutes, then remove the pennies from the solution. (You may need to push the one in the catsup to get it fully submerged). Keep the pennies in the cup. This one is exciting, low prep, and engaging.

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