17th century spanish fashion

Baroque Royal dress, Lui XIII fashion robe baroque 4.5 out of 5 stars (135) $ 690.00. Unless specifically noted, images used in the Timeline are not subject to this Creative Commons License applied to the written work from the Timeline. (1972): Military Fashion: A Comparative History of the Uniforms of the Great Armies from the 17th Century to the First World War. Last updated Oct 10, 2019 | Published on Mar 24, 2017, Last updated Aug 13, 2018 | Published on Mar 24, 2017, Last updated Aug 13, 2018 | Published on Feb 24, 2017, Last updated May 15, 2019 | Published on Mar 24, 2017. From 1555 he was lord of the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands. (Wikipedia). Portrait of a Lady, perhaps Contessa Lucia Albani Avogadro, ca. 1 - William Scrots (Flemish, active 1537-53). The subject is complex because of the internal make-up of the country, the multicultural society that spawned and epitomized the great Square Pointed Shoes. Source: Instagram, Fig. The usual full trousers (chalvar) were accompanied, as in mens dress, by a decorative waist sash (kuak). Florence: Uffizi Gallery, 1572. The dramatic shift in menswear tailoring back to the natural line after the broadness favored in the 1530s is evident in the narrow lines of Philips jerkins (Figs. She has red embroidery at her chemise cuffs reminiscent of the red embroidery at the collar frill of Catherine de Medici (Fig. In France, haute couture had taken over control of the fashion-design world. Portrait of Count Giuseppe da Porto with his son, Adriano, ca. 3), the daughter of Duke Cosimo de Medici and Eleanora of Toldeo, was painted by Bronzino when she was eleven. The most common helmets at this time were the capacete and the morion. Free shipping for many products! This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. WebWomen's clothing was longer than mens so they could hide their feet. A portrait by Titian (Fig. Ashelford notes that this was a common decorative choice: Contrasting the dark material of the gown with a soft fur lining was a fashion that appears in many portraits of the 1550s and 1560s (59). The three-piece lounge suit, with a jacket instead of a tailcoat, was introduced in the 1850s for informal occasions. Edward VI and his fellow young royal John, Prince of Portugal (Fig. See more ideas about spanish dress, historical fashion, renaissance fashion. It is an open helmet, but with good protection thanks to its neck cover, which gave it its name, wide cheeks and a nasal protector that could cover much of the face. In all four he wears a sword, as was customary by this time. 10 above). Mantilla is a traditional Spanish veil piece worn during religious festivities such as weddings, holy week, or even during bullfights in Spain. Philip II, 1549-50. Arts and fashion flourished throughout the Spanish empire and its European neighbors. She is currently completing a book on discourses surrounding fashion and feminine types in works exhibited at the Paris Salon (1864-1884). Anthonis Mor (1512-16-c. 1576) Joanna of Austria (1535-73). Accessed July 5, 2019. See more ideas about renaissance fashion, spanish clothing, 16th century fashion. Dresden: Residenzschloss Dresden, Rustkammer, inv. For example, the earliest settlers, the Spanish, arrived in Florida in 1565. For many years such attire was a blend of styles from western Europe worn together with traditional Ottoman garments. In Irvings history, the Knickerbockers were a family of Dutch settlers in 17th-century New Amsterdam who were depicted in George Cruikshanks illustrations for the book wearing the fuller style of breeches. Catherine of Austria, Wife of King John III of Portugal, 1552-53. A portrait from about the same time (Fig. Many of the latter still made their own clothes from homespun and woven fabrics, but the former could afford to import luxury fabrics and follow the fashion trends. Soldiers liked to dress ostentatiously, to such an extent that an anonymous document from 1610, entitled Las rdenes que paresce que se podrian dar para restaurar la reputacion y disciplina que solia haber en la infantera espaola (The Apparent Orders That Could Be Given to Restore the Reputation and Discipline that Used to Be in the Spanish Infantry), advises to become preeminent about the quality of the weapons and clothing to be used in the said infantry, since it is known that of the surplus and excess that there is particularly in this, very many damages and inconveniences occur in it because they want to take advantage of the others, in the habit and costumes, more than in the service and works. In the last twenty years, wigs, long and with curls, would be present, and golilla collars would give way to ties. WebAbeBooks.com: Zayas and Her Sisters, 2: Essays on Novelas by 17th Century Spanish Women (9781586840976) and a great selection of similar New, Used and Collectible Books available now at great prices. Maria de Medici (Fig. Sold at two shillings and sixpence, it was immensely popular and worn by most classes of society, at least for Sunday dress. In the early years of the new century, fashionable bodices had high necklines or extremely low, rounded necklines, and short wings at the shoulders. The dress for women in the Ottoman Empire was very similar to that worn by Muslim women in the Middle East. When the Archduke Albert knew of such misery, he then remedied it by dressing everyone, from shoes to hats, and distributed them throughout Flanders in the garrisons and Tercios. Fig. Brummell was so concerned with fit that he had his coat made by one tailor, his waistcoat by another, and his breeches by a third. 1-3). Precise slashing/pinking and bombasted trunk hose soon spread to England with the marriage of Philip II of Spain and Mary I of England in 1554. 7). The Romantic age of the 1830s brought back more colour, a tighter waistline at a more natural level, fuller skirts, leg-of-mutton sleeves, and complex high coiffures surmounted by large-brimmed hats or bonnets. Far from the restrained fashion that prevailed in the Madrid court, the officers of the armies of the monarchy favored the colorful garments of brocade fabric with passementerie. In contrast, colonists farther north in New England experienced harsher winters than they had been accustomed to and so found a greater need than they had in England to wear furs and skins. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions Backless slippers were worn indoors. In Madrid and in cities throughout the Spanish empire, women of different stations and convictions participated in the political culture of their times by making, disseminating, and debating this controversial garment. Portrait of a Noblewoman, ca. Philip II of Spain, ca. 8 - Bronzino (Italian, 1503-1572). It often had the virago sleevefull at elbow and shoulder and drawn in at intervals by strings of narrow ribbonthat appears in most 17th-century portraits of American women and children. Chanel also worked with Salvador Dali, the father of surrealism. Yellow silk yarn, knitted, fishbone, chessboard and striped patterns; fastentings: yellow silk; inner hose: yellow taffeta; hose lining: goatskin. Philips style would go on to have a strong influence on other European courts, as well see below. Over these garments a waistcoat (yelek) and long gown (anteri) were worn. WebThe historical dress collection houses rare but significant pieces of mens and womens dress from the 16th and 17th century, including jewelry, shoes and accessories. Spanish Fashion at the Courts of Early Modern Europe Book: Spanish Fashion at the Courts of Early Modern Europe edited by: Jos Luis Colomer, Amalia The queen and the English court eagerly copied the styles of the Spanish entourage. (375-76). Museum of London, 36.237. 6-7). Presented in memory of R.S. Sometimes the steeple hat was worn on top of the hood. Source: Prado, Fig. The styles worn by men and women acted as foils to one anotherthe mens dress sombre, dignified, and only slowly changing, the womens dress colourful and changing ever faster in a kaleidoscope of modes. 13). Renaissance Velvet Textiles. The Mets Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, n.d. Breiding, Dirk H. The Decoration of European Armor. The Mets Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, n.d. Arnold, Janet, Jenny Tiramani, and Santina M. Levey. Detail of Prince Frederick Henry of Orange in the Siege of Bolduque (1631), oil on canvas by Pauwels van Hillegaert (1596-1640), Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. In Spain, the cone-shaped Spanish farthingale remained in fashion into the early 17th century. By 1700 Americans were dressing fashionably, and the distinctions between colonists of one nation and another were no longer very noticeable. Amman, Joost. Traditional Spanish Clothing is Indeed Arrestingly Beautiful By an ordinance of 18 July 1540, foreign cloths of gold and silver and silk could enter France only through certain towns and were then sent to Lyons for the levying of import taxes. (238). Gradually, in the 1860s, the shape of the crinoline changed, metamorphosing into that of the rear bustle, which was fashionable in the 1870s and 80s. Tauris 2017/Bloomsbury 2019). Triunfo Del Emperador Maximiliano I, Rey de Hungra, Dalmacia y Croacia, Archiduque de Austria, 1501. From the 1840s mens dress lost most of its colour: black, shades of gray, blue, and white were the norm. These boots had a very wide shaft and could have butterfly-shaped decorations on the instep. This experience fostered her awareness around travel and tourism, and creative writing, but her keen eye for trends made her transition into fashion writing. Biblioteca Digital Hispnica. In America, as in England, plain dress and rich dress became, in effect, the respective symbols of the Puritan and the Cavalier, respectively. Little girls wore dresses that were shorter than those of adult women but otherwise similar. 1554. 2). In the last two decades of the century a more countrified attire consisting of Norfolk jacket and knickerbockers became popular. and Radio and did her Bachelors in English Honors. Portrait of Catherine de' Medici (1519-1589), 1559. Their attire was, as it had been in the Netherlands, of high quality and fashionable but not ostentatious. Portrait of a Young Man, 1550-5. 3) wears a dark gown which contrasts with her elaborate silver and gold brocade sleeves. 1550. 1 - Paolo Veronese (Italian, 1528-1588). The black dress has large rolls at the shoulder and is clearly fur-lined as the regular openings reveal tufts of white fur. At the same time, the frenchification became evident from that time on with the appearance of the casaque and, from the 1650s, on more voluminous doublets and robes adorned with colorful ribbons, bows and flounces. In the early 16th Century, Spain was at the forefront of world fashion thanks to the impact of its embroidered designs and colorful clothing. Also, in this Century, Spanish style influenced much of Western Europe. At that time, heavy and uncomfortable clothes were worn by women. Ashelford details other Spanish trends that were soon adopted: Features of Spanish dress that were imitated after Philips visit to England were the vertical slashing on the jerkin and the use of dark colours set off by white linen at the throat and wrists. (65). Her style symbolized freedom and elegance that emancipated ladies from corsets and lace in favor of more modern shirts and pants. Madrid: Ediciones Ejrcito, pp. The humorous journals of the period made great play with the contrast between fashionable and Aesthetic modes. Biblioteca Digital Hispnica. 2 in the Menswear section below]. The era of Charles presented the austere black and white garments symbolizing religious influence. Source: The Met, Fig. Emilia di Spilimbergo, ca. Some of the most well-known high-street Spanish brands are Zara, Mango, Manolo Blahnik, Loewes, Massimo Dutti, and Adolfo Dominguez. Farthingales were bell-shaped 1) shows him in a fur-lined jerkin where the white tufts of fur appear through the seams, as seen above in the portrait of Catherine de Medici (Fig. Detail of The siege of Aire-sur-la-Lys (1653), oil on canvas by Pieter Snayers (1592-1667), Museo del Prado, Madrid. This is a very spectacular piece of furniture the carving is present on the drawer but not toon much a lot of character for sure ,this is a rather masculine desk . Oil on oak; 35 x 21 cm (13.7 x 8.2 in). Sometimes more than one such coat was worn, with or without sleeves. His natural form white shoes still have slashing across the vamp. The character of the feminine wardrobe stemmed from Paris, the masculine from London. The soldier Domingo de Toral y Valds, who traveled by sea to the Netherlands from Lisbon after enrolling in the Tercio de Cosme de Mdici in Alcal de Henares, explains it in his autobiography: We landed in Dunkirk in the month of November, year of 1615, so stripped that the most well-dressed were without shoes, stockings, or hat, and the common was nude, in such a way that the parts that honesty compels more to hide were more patent in sight; and because some covered them with their hands, they called them Adanes. After being partially occupied by the Moors for over 700 years, it saw the coexistence of various faiths like Jewish, Muslim, and Christian until 1492. During the war there were severe restrictions on imported goods, and, when the war was over and independence had been won, most Americans did not return to buying their clothes from England; they went directly to the source of fashionParis. WebMay 27, 2014 - Explore Nicolin Bray's board "16th Century Spanish Clothing", followed by 354 people on Pinterest. Chicago State Volleyball Camp, Brevard County Future Land Use Map, Two Family House For Sale Nassau County, Best Class Wotlk Classic, Articles S Detail of The capture of Saint-Venant (ca. 179-206. In general, the styles of the late 19th century were feminine and elegant but not easy to wear. 1545-60 portrait (Fig. The official journal of the Renaissance Society of America, RQ presents about twenty articles and over five hundred reviews per year, engaging the following disciplines: Americas, Art and Architecture, Book History, Classical Tradition, Comparative Literature, Digital Humanities, Emblems, English Literature, French Literature, Germanic Literature, Hebraica, Hispanic Literature, History, Humanism, Islamic World, Italian Literature, Legal and Political Thought, Medicine and Science, Music, Neo-Latin Literature, Performing Arts and Theater, Philosophy, Religion, Rhetoric and Women and Gender. After Catholicism became the prevalent religion in Spain, fashion and styles adapted accordingly. The main reasons for this abandonment were the increasing effectiveness of firearms, which increased in caliber and power, and the search for greater comfort by the soldier, who had to be more versatile and move faster in wars now dominated by the cavalry. His white shirt is very high-necked and ends in a prominent frill. 7 - Artist unknown (English). Furthermore, with designers such as Ralph Laurens use of ruffles and matador hats, D&Gs fringed dress, and Oscar de la Rentas flounced skirts and flamenco heeled shoes, traditional Spanish culture continues to affect the fashion industry even today, where art and fashion merge as an expression of innovation that continues attracting attention, accolades, and praise globally. Stockings were either knitted or cut from woven cloth and sewn to fit the leg. She also has a PG Diploma in Media and Public Relations from St. Xaviers College. The trousers were of the very full, baggy type (similar to the Middle Eastern chalvar), fitting tightly only on the lower leg. Bought, 1876. The common warm clothing to all social classes was the mantle. Source: MIA. The 10th to 13th century Spain was all about mantles, surcoats, and tunics in silk brocades with heavy Arab influence due to the materials being sourced from the Muslim-dominated regions. This is a classic example of a traditional style adapted to modern. Davenport describes his dress further, noting that Maximillian wears the: highest possible Spanish collar, finished with a scalloped picadill edge bound in gold to match its cap sleeves and double skirts. Before coming to FIT, Dr. De Young previously taught art and fashion history at Harvard, Wellesley, Lesley and Northwestern University. Henri II (1519-1559), King of France, ca. They created a wealthy community but placed no restrictions on dress for sumptuary or religious reasons. These two legends revamped the fashion scene, pushed the boundaries of creativity and imagination, and introduced the grandeur of Spanish style worldwide. In the latter half of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th-century, Spanish elite wore silk clothing that was vividly colored and embroidered, brocaded, or adorned in silver or gold. (L to R): 17th Century Brocade Grown, Late 17th Century Spanish Costume, 1650-1700 Western European Fashion. Black clothing was particularly expensive, an intense deep black colour being costly to produce and hard to maintain over time. Boucher elaborates further on the extent of the French silk industry at the time: The weaving of silk kept 8,000 looms occupied in Tours in 1546, and employed 12,000 people in Lyons, at about the same time. But the most common pieces that can be frequently seen during cultural parades, festivals, and events are worn by the matadors and flamenco dancers. In an equestrian portrait (Fig. 1547-59 Henry II persecuted Protestants, 1559 France surrendered claims to Italian territories, 1556-98 Philip II ruled Spain, the Spanish New World, the Netherlands, Milan, and Naples, 1550s The chopine, an early platform overshoe, has been popular since the late 15th century. From the 15th century until the modernization of Turkey soon after 1918, the basic garments of the general population changed comparatively little. If you have suggestions or corrections, pleasecontact us. Biblioteca Digital Hispnica. The pikemen, on the other hand, still conserved the essential component of the infant half armor typical of the second half of the 16th century, known as the coselete. Oil; 103 x 82 cm. 14) wears a red silk satin gown with slashed decoration on the bodice and the small puffed upper sleeves, here with transparent chemise fabric pulled out. Joanna of Austria (1535-73), ca. The clothing and defensive equipment of the soldiers of the Hispanic Monarchy, the famous tercios, underwent considerable evolution throughout the 17th century. Although brightly colored clothing in red, green, blue and yellow continued to be worn under black over-gowns and during festivities, carnivals and leisure activities, by the late sixteenth century, black dominated fashion both in The Friedsam Collection, Bequest of Michael Friedsam, 1931. Fashion is an ever-changing entity and Spanish fashion has come a long way since the fifteen hundreds, from ball gowns and breeches to summer dresses and jeans from traditional to modern. The codpiece remains prominent. Boucher dates the first appearance of the ruff to 1555 (227). The grandeur of Spanish fashion is now known all over the world. It was a colour much favoured at the Habsburg court and was commonly worn at weddings in the sixteenth century.. The publication of the first known Spanish book and manual on tailoring in 1580 indicated a change in perspective in styling and fashion. Oil on canvas; 194 110 cm (76.4 43.3 in). The neck and cuffs of lechuguilla, popular at the beginning of the century, fell into disuse in favor of the golilla and, above all, the Walloon collar. The same can be said of the paintings of the genre of the guard rooms captured by Flemish and Dutch artists such as David Teniers the Younger, Cornelis Mahu, Jan Baptist Tijssens the Younger, Gerard ter Borch, Gillis van Tilborgh, Anthonie Palamedesz and Franois Duchatel, among others. 15001550 in Western European Fashion. In, 15501600 in Western European Fashion. In. In the latter three portraits he wears a black bonnet with a small white feather. The 14th century saw the elite and aristocrats supplementing their wardrobes from abroad to keep up with the changing styles. Portrait of a General, ca. The narrow-cut jerkin is covered all over by punched decoration, as the Museum of London explains: This youths dark brown leather jerkin (a type of jacket) is decorated with vertical and diagonal scored bands and diamond, heart and star pinking. 5). Source: Instagram, Fig. Jerkin. Museum of London. Have a primary source to suggest? In the series of portraits of field masters commissioned by the Marquis of Legans, governor of Milanesado and captain general of the Lombardy Army, in the late 1630s we observe that all wear robes and breeches made of gold and silver threads, with Walloon collar and golillas, and who wear riding boots with butterfly-shaped decorations. His line of Spanish-inspired ensembles was bursting with romantic jewel-toned shades and opulent dresses. This era is marked by Spain being at its most powerful. Nonetheless, the guardainfante became more popular than ever and turned into an enduring icon of Golden Age Spain during the reign of Philips second queen, Mariana of Austria (164965). In the initial decades of the century, the closed beards typical of the second half of the 16th century were still abundant and the hair was worn quite short, although not shaven. Long sleeves were worn with deep cuffs to match the ruff Womens clothes were at the center of political debate in the Spain of Philip IV (r. 162165), and no garment inspired more controversy than the wide-hipped farthingale, or hoopskirt, known as the guardainfante. All three women still have large funnel sleeves and then undersleeves with open seams closed by broaches or aiguillettes where the embroidered chemise is puffed out. WebOct 24, 2021 - Explore A MK's board "16th century Spanish dress" on Pinterest. Tunic (Uncu), c. 17th century. Request Permissions. Although a Europeanization movement had begun about the middle of the 19th century, this was a slow process, affecting mainly the dress of the upper strata of society and that of the urban population. Huggett, Jane, Ninya Mikhaila, Jane Malcolm-Davies, and Michael Perry. When we think of Spain and art, the first thing that comes to our mind is probably flamenco dancers or architecture like the famous Sagrada Familia by Gaudi. Consistent with this mission, the Timelines written commentary, research, and analysis provided by FIT students, faculty, and other members of the community is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Maximillian II, the Holy Roman Emperor and cousin of Philip II, shows the latest trends at his court in a 1550 portrait by Anthonis Mor (Fig. Source: The Met, Fig. Source: Wikipedia. Francisco De Goya: The Duchess of Alba (1797) The munition clothes were the quintessential garment of the newcomers, since, normally, they arrived at their destinations covered in rags due to the inclemency of the trip, which used to run through the rough Savoy and the Alpine gorges, following the Spanish Road, or aboard ships where hundreds of men were crowded in little space and in deplorable hygiene conditions. 9) shows that more colorful dress was still seen. Until well into the 18th century men in these non-Muslim areas wore the dolman over the mente (both are styles of caftan), together with trousers, boots, and a fur-trimmed hat known as the kucsma. Both men and women wore a steeple hat of felt or the more expensive beaver. Her research and writing interests include nineteenth- and twentieth-century art and literature, visual and material culture, modernism and fashion. only 400 years of use can give such rough beauty. Indeed, as Boucher explains, irregular German/Swiss slashing was banned in Spain in 1548 and simple, straight slits were then adopted, and were very widespread after 1550 (228). Similar laws restricting dress were also passed for religious reasons, reflecting some of the areas of conflict that led to the English Civil Wars (164251). London: The National Gallery. 8). Drawings of tailors Georg Widerbaur and Wolff Rauscher (1607 and 1629) in the anonymous Hausbuch der Mendelschen Zwlfbrderstiftung (Book of the Mendelian Brotherhood House), Stadtbibliothek Nrnberg. Men also wore the montero cap, which had a flap that could be turned down, and the Monmouth cap, a kind of stocking cap. In 19th century, 20th century, thematic essays, In 1860-1869, 19th century, garment analysis, In 18th century, 19th century, ancient, Asia, K, P, S, term definition, In 1900-1909, 20th century, artwork analysis, In 1890-1899, 1900-1909, 1910-1919, 19th century, 20th century, thematic essays, In 1900-1909, 1910-1919, 20th century, blog, Last updated Aug 18, 2020 | Published on Jul 7, 2019, https://fashionhistory.fitnyc.edu/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/, The Fez and the Ottoman Path to Modernity, Ins Gches-Sarraute and the Straight-Front Corset, The French hood was a womans headdress consisti, The Dictionary of Fashion History defines a cuiras, Elsa Schiaparelli created this unusual lobster dre, The Balcony (from the collection of @museeorsay) i, This 1880 red wool corset features a modern constr, The peplos is a draped, outer garment made of a si, In honor of director Stephen Williams Chevalier, This red silk dress embodies the late 1860s transi, The 1690s silhouette for women was extremely verti, The Jazz Age: American Style in the 1920s (2017), Addressing the Century: 100 Years of Art and Fashion (1998), 100 Dresses: The Costume Institute, The Metropolitan Museum of Art (2010), We Were There: Harlie Des Roches on the Black Presence in Renaissance Europe, Hymn to Apollo: The Ancient World and the Ballets Russes, Frida Kahlo: Appearances Can Be Deceiving, Grand Opening of the Museum of Historical Costume in Poznan, Poland, https://www.rct.uk/collection/407223/joanna-of-austria-1535-73?language=en, https://collections.museumoflondon.org.uk/online/object/118831.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philip_II_of_Spain&oldid=903141020, https://www.rct.uk/collection/themes/exhibitions/in-fine-style/the-queens-gallery-buckingham-palace/joanna-of-austria-1535-73?language=en, 1555-59 Alonso Snchez Coello, Prince Don Carlos of Austria, http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000052132&page=1, https://lib.ugent.be/en/catalog?q=rug01:000794288, http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000012553&page=1, http://hdl.handle.net/10111/UIUCUNICA:erasde0001ciumor, http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000099490&page=1, https://www.kb.nl/kbhtml/alba/frameset9.html, http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000099924&page=1, http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000022768&page=1, http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000099918&page=1, http://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000016695&page=1, https://collections.lacma.org/node/172051, https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008965469, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1500%E2%80%931550_in_Western_European_fashion&oldid=818779252, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1550%E2%80%931600_in_Western_European_fashion&oldid=810773280, http://www.elizabethancostume.net/index.html, https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/broi/hd_broi.htm, https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/afas/hd_afas.htm, https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/afas16/hd_afas16.htm, http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/f/reading-list-fashion-up-to-the-17th-century/, http://www.renaissancetailor.com/research_vocabulary.htm, https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/velv/hd_velv.htm, https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/deca/hd_deca.htm, https://www.pinterest.com/pocketmuseum/1500-1599-extant-clothing/, https://www.pinterest.com/pocketmuseum/1500-1599-fabrics-textiles/, https://www.pinterest.com/pocketmuseum/1500-1599-jewelry/, https://www.pinterest.com/pocketmuseum/1500-1599-men-in-art/1510s/, https://www.pinterest.com/pocketmuseum/1500-1599-undated-portraits-of-women/, https://www.pinterest.com/pocketmuseum/1550-1559-portraits-of-women/, https://www.pinterest.com/pocketmuseum/1500-1599-armour/, 1568 Bernardino Campi, Portrait of a Woman, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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